The ALU performs all arithmetic and logical operations:
Ramesh Gaonkar heavily emphasizes mastering the instruction set through classification. An instruction is a command given to the microprocessor to perform a specific operation. Classification by Data Length:
Comprehensive Guide to the 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming, and Insights from Gaonkar microprocessor 8085 ppt by gaonkar
: The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs 8-bit operations, with the 8-bit Accumulator (Register A) serving as the primary storage for operation results. Register Array : It features six general-purpose 8-bit registers ( ) that can be paired ( ) to handle 16-bit operations. 16-bit Special Registers Program Counter (PC) : Points to the memory address of the next instruction. Stack Pointer (SP) : Manages temporary data during subroutines. Flag Register
When you see a program slide (e.g., a loop to copy a string), take a blank sheet of paper. Manually trace the value of the Program Counter and Registers after every instruction. Gaonkar’s exercises require this mental simulation. The ALU performs all arithmetic and logical operations:
line goes low, activating the memory, which places the instruction opcode onto the data bus. The processor reads this opcode into its Instruction Register during T3cap T sub 3 , and decodes it during T4cap T sub 4 Summary of Core Educational Takeaways
The ALU handles the physical execution of math and binary logic. It extracts data from the primary accumulator and temporary internal data registers to perform operations such as addition, subtraction, bitwise AND, bitwise OR, and exclusive-OR (XOR). Microprocessor 8085 complete | PPTX - Slideshare Register Array : It features six general-purpose 8-bit
Microprocessor 8085: Comprehensive Overview (Based on Gaonkar) 1. Introduction to the 8085 Microprocessor